Introduction and installation of PyCharm IDE

This article provides an overview of PyCharm, a popular integrated development environment (IDE) for Python. This page introduces PyCharm and its features.

As a programmer, you should be focused on the business logic and creating useful applications for your users. In doing that, PyCharm by JetBrains saves you a lot of time by taking care of the routine and by making a number of other tasks such as debugging and visualization easy.

This article assumes that you’re familiar with Python development and already have some form of Python installed on your system. Python 3.6 will be used for this tutorial. Screenshots and demos provided are for macOS. Because PyCharm runs on all major platforms, you may see slightly different UI elements and may need to modify certain commands..

Note:

PyCharm comes in three editions:

1. PyCharm Edu is free and for educational purposes.

2. PyCharm Community is free as well and intended for pure Python development.

3. PyCharm Professional is paid, has everything the Community edition has and also is very well suited for Web and Scientific development with support for such frameworks as Django and Flask, Database and SQL, and scientific tools such as Jupyter.

For more details on their differences, check out the PyCharm Editions Comparison Matrix by JetBrains. The company also has special offers for students, teachers, open source projects, and other cases.

Installing PyCharm

This article will use PyCharm Community Edition 2019.1 as it’s free and available on every major platform. Only the section about the professional features will use PyCharm Professional Edition 2019.1.

The recommended way of installing PyCharm is with the JetBrains Toolbox App. With its help, you’ll be able to install different JetBrains products or several versions of the same product, update, rollback, and easily remove any tool when necessary. You’ll also be able to quickly open any project in the right IDE and version.

To install the Toolbox App, refer to the documentation by JetBrains. It will automatically give you the right instructions depending on your OS. In case it didn’t recognize your OS correctly, you can always find it from the drop down list on the top right section:

Install using the Toolbox App

After installing, launch the app and accept the user agreement. Under the Tools tab, you’ll see a list of available products. Find PyCharm Community there and click Install:

JetBrains ToolBox

You have PyCharm available on your machine. If you don’t want to use the Toolbox app, then you can also do a stand-alone installation of PyCharm.

Launch PyCharm, and you’ll see the import settings popup:

Popup

PyCharm will automatically detect that this is a fresh install and choose Do not import settings for you. Click OK, and PyCharm will ask you to select a keymap scheme. Leave the default and click Next: UI Themes on the bottom right:

Customize PyCharm

PyCharm will then ask you to choose a dark theme called Darcula or a light theme. Choose whichever you prefer and click Next: Launcher Script:

Customize PyCharm

I’ll be using the dark theme Darcula throughout this tutorial. You can find and install other themes as plugins, or you can also import them.

On the next page, leave the defaults and click Next: Featured plugins. There, PyCharm will show you a list of plugins you may want to install because most users like to use them. Click Start using PyCharm, and now you are ready to write some code!

Writing Code in PyCharm

In PyCharm, you do everything in the context of a project. Thus, the first thing you need to do is create one.

After installing and opening PyCharm, you are on the welcome screen. Click Create New Project, and you’ll see the New Project popup:

Create new project in PyCharm

Specify the project location and expand the Project Interpreter drop down. Here, you have options to create a new project interpreter or reuse an existing one. Choose New environment using. Right next to it, you have a drop down list to select one of Virtualenv, Pipenv, or Conda, which are the tools that help to keep dependencies required by different projects separate by creating isolated Python environments for them.

You are free to select whichever you like, but Virtualenv is used for this tutorial. If you choose to, you can specify the environment location and choose the base interpreter from the list, which is a list of Python interpreters (such as Python2.7 and Python3.6) installed on your system. Usually, the defaults are fine. Then you have to select boxes to inherit global site-packages to your new environment and make it available to all other projects. Leave them unselected.

Click Create on the bottom right and you will see the new project created:

Tip of the Day

You will also see a small Tip of the Day popup where PyCharm gives you one trick to learn at each startup. Go ahead and close this popup.

It is now time to start a new Python program. Type Cmd+N if you are on Mac or Alt+Ins if you are on Windows or Linux. Then, choose Python File. You can also select File → New from the menu. Name the new file guess_game.py and click OK. You will see a PyCharm window similar to the following:

PyCharm

For our test code, let’s quickly code up a simple guessing game in which the program chooses a number that the user has to guess. For every guess, the program will tell if the user’s guess was smaller or bigger than the secret number. The game ends when the user guesses the number. Here’s the code for the game:

from random import randint

def play():
    random_int = randint(0, 100)

    while True:
        user_guess = int(input("What number did we guess (0-100)?"))

        if user_guess == random_int:
            print(f"You found the number ({random_int}). Congrats!")
            break

        if user_guess < random_int:
            print("Your number is less than the number we guessed.")
            continue

        if user_guess > random_int:
            print("Your number is more than the number we guessed.")
            continue


if __name__ == '__main__':
    play()

Type this code directly rather than copying and pasting. You’ll see something like this:

PyCharm IDE

As you can see, PyCharm provides Intelligent Coding Assistance with code completion, code inspections, on-the-fly error highlighting, and quick-fix suggestions. In particular, note how when you typed main and then hit tab, PyCharm auto-completed the whole main clause for you.

Also note how, if you forget to type if before the condition, append .if, and then hit Tab, PyCharm fixes the if clause for you. The same is true with True.while. That’s PyCharm’s Postfix completions working for you to help reduce backward caret jumps.

Running Code in PyCharm

Now that you’ve coded up the game, it’s time for you to run it.

You have three ways of running this program:

1. Use the shortcut Ctrl+Shift+R on Mac or Ctrl+Shift+F10 on Windows or Linux.

2. Right-click the background and choose Run guess_game from the menu.

3. Since this program has the __main__ clause, you can click on the little green arrow to the left of the __main__ clause and choose Run guess_game from there.

Use any one of the options above to run the program, and you’ll see the Run Tool pane appear at the bottom of the window, with your code output showing:

Run python code

Conclusion

PyCharm is one of best, if not the best, full-featured, dedicated, and versatile IDEs for Python development. It offers a ton of benefits, saving you a lot of time by helping you with routine tasks. Now you know how to be productive with it!

In this article, you learned about a lot, including:

• Installing PyCharm

• Writing code in PyCharm

• Running your code in PyCharm